Armstrong, R. B., Phelps, R. O. (1984) Muscle fiber type composition of the rat hind limb. The American Journal of Anatomy 171, 259-272.

Balsom, P.D., Soderlund, K. and Ekblom, B. (1994) Creatine in humans with special references to creatine supplementation. Sports Medicine 18, 268-280.

Balsom, P.D., Söderlund, K., Sjodin, B. and Ekblom, B. (1995) Skeletal muscle metabolism during short duration high-intensity exercise: Influence of creatine supplementation. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica 154, 303-310.

Bessman, S. P. and Savabi, F. (1988) The role of the phosphocreatine energy shuttle in exercise and muscle hypertrophy. In: International Series on Sport Sciences, Vol. 21:Biochemistry of Exercise VII A. W. Taylow, P. D. Gollnick, H. J. Green, C. D. Ianuzzo, E. G. Noble, G. Metivier and J. R. Sutton (eds.) International Series on Sports Sciences. Human Kinetics, Champaign. 21, 167.178.

Booth, F. W. and Gollnick, P. D. (1983) Effect of disuse on the structure and function of skeletal muscle. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 15, 415-420.

Brannon, T. A., Adams, G. R., Connif, C. L., Baldwin, K. M. (1997) Effects of creatine loading and training on running performance and biochemical properties of rat skeletal muscle. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 29, 489-495.

Brooke, M. H. and Kaiser, K. K. (1970) Muscle fiber types: How many and what kind? Archives Neurology 23: 369-379. 

Casey, A., Constantin-Teodosiu, D., Howel, S. and Hultman, E. (1996) Creatine supplementation favorably   affects   performance and muscle metabolism during maximal intensity exercise in humans. American Journal of Physiology 271, E31- E37.

Desypris, G. and Parry, D. J. (1990) Relative efficacy of slow and fast motoneurons to reinnervate mouse soleus muscle. American Journal of Physiology 258, C62-C70.

Eddinger, T. J., Moss, R. L. and Cassens, R. G. (1985) Fiber number and type composition in extensor digitorum longus, soleus and diaphragm muscles with aging in Fisher 344 rats. The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry 33, 1033-1041.

Engelhardt, M., Neumann, G., Berbalk, A. and Reuter, I. (1998) Creatine supplementation in endurance sports. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 30, 1123-1129.

Greenhaff, P. L,  Nevill, M. E. and  Söderlund,  K. (1994) The metabolic responses of human type I and II muscle fibers during maximal treadmill sprinting. Journal of Physiology 478, 149-155.

Greenhaff, P.L. (1995) Creatine and its application as an ergogenic aid. International Journal of Sport Nutrition  5, S100-S110.

Hämäläinen, N. and Pette, D. (1993) The histochemial profiles of fast fiber types IIB, IID, and IIA in skeletal muscles of mouse, rat and rabbit. The Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry 41, 733-743.

Harris, R. C., Söderlund, K. and Hultman, E. (1992) Elevation of creatine in resting and exercised muscle of normal subjects by creatine supplementation. Clinical Science 83, 367-74.

Häussinger, D., Lang, F. and Gerok, W. (1994) Regulation of cell function by the cellular hydration state. American Journal of Physiology. 267(Endocrinol. Metabol.30), E343-E355.

Hue, L. (1994) Control of liver carbohydrate and fatty acid metabolism by cell volume. Biochemical Society Trans. 22, 505-508.

Ingwall, J. S. (1976) Creatine and the control of muscle specific protein synthesis in cardiac and skeletal muscle. Circulation   Research 38, I115 – I123.

Ingwall, J. S., Morales, M. F. and Stockdale, F.E. (1972) Creatine and the control of myosin synthesis in differentiating skeletal muscle. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 69, 2250-2253.

Ingwall, J. S., Weiner, C. D., Morales, M. F., Davis, E. and Stockdale, F.E. (1974) Specificity of creatine in the control of muscle protein synthesis. Journal of Cellular Biology 63, 145-151.

Jenkins, M. A. (1998) Creatine supplementation in athletes: Review. Available from URL: http://riceinfo.edu/~jenky/creatine.html

Kelly, V. G. and Jenkins, D. G. (1998) Effect of oral creatine supplementation on near-maximal strength and repeated sets of high-intensity bench press exercise.  Journal of   Strength   and   Conditioning Research  12, 109-115.

Kokobum, E. (1990) Interações  entre  o  metabolismo  de  glicose e  ácidos  graxos  livres  em  músculos esqueléticos.   Doctoral thesis. University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. (In Portuguese: English abstract).

Kreider, R., Ferreira, M., Wilson, M., Grindtaff, P., Plisk, S., Reinhardy, J., Cantler, E. and  Almada, A. (1998) Effects of creatine supplementation on body composition, strength and sprint performance. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 30, 73-82.

Lang, F., Busch, G. L., Völkl, H. and Häussinger, D. (1995) Cell volume: A second message in regulation of cellular function.  News in Physiological Sciences 10, 18-22.

Maganaris, C. N. and  Maughan, R. J. (1998) Creatine  supplementation  enhances maximun voluntary  isometric  force  and   endurance    capacity     in      resistance  trained men. Acta Physiologica Scandinavica  163, 279-287.

McKenna, M. J., Morton, J., Selig, S. E. and Snow, R. J. (1999) Creatine supplementation increases muscle total creatine but not maximal intermittent exercise   performance.  Journal of Applied Physiology 87, 2255-2252.

McMillen, J., Donovan, C. M., Messer, J. I. and Willis, W. T. (2001) Energetic driving forces are maintained in resting rat skeletal muscle after dietary creatine supplementation. Journal of Applied Physiology 90, 62-66.

Mihic, S., MacDonald, J. A., McKenzie, S. and Tarnopolsky, M. A. (2000) Acute creatine loading   increases fat-free mass, but does not affect blood pressure, plasma creatinine, or CK activity in men and women.  Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 32, 291-296.

Mujika, I., Chatard,  J. C., Lacoste, L., Barale, F. and Geyssant, A. (1996) Creatine supplementation does not improve  sprint  performance in competitive swimmers. Medicine  and   Science  in Sports and Exercise 28, 1435-1441.

Mujika, I., Padilla, S., Ibanez, J., Izquierdo, M. and Gorostiaga, E. (2000) Creatine supplementation and sprint performance in soccer players. Medicine  and   Science   in Sports and Exercise 32, 518-525.  

Peeters, B. M., Lantz, C. D. and Mayew, J. L. (1999) Effect of oral creatine monohydrate and creatine phosphate supplementation on maximal strength indices, body composition and blood pressure. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 13, 3-9.

Redondo, D. R., Dowlin, E. A., Graham, B. L., Almada, A. L. and Willims, M. H. (1996) The effect of oral creatine monohydrate supplementation on running velocity. International Journal of Sport Nutrition  6, 213-221.

Rico-Sanz, J. and Marco, M. T. M. (2000) Creatine enhances oxygen uptake and performance during alternating intensity exercise. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 32, 379-385.

Rombaldi, A. J. (1996) Some biochemistry effects of liquid carbohydrate ingested on intermittent high-intensity exercise performance in rats. Doctoral thesis. University Federal of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. (In Portuguese: English abstract)

Saltin, B. and Gollnick, P. D. (1983) Skeletal muscle adaptability: significance for metabolism and performance. In: Handbook of Physiology. Skeletal Muscle. Ed: Bethesda, M.D., Am. Physiol. Soc.

Stout, J.R., Echerson, J., Noonan, D., Moore, G. and Cullen, D. (1999) Effects of creatine supplementation on exercise performance and fat-free weight in football players during training. Nutritional Research 19, 217-225.

Sullivan, T. E. and Armstrong, R. B. (1978) Rat locomotory muscle fiber activity during trotting and galloping. Journal of Applied Physiology 44, 358-363.

Tarnopolsky, M. and Martin, J. (1999) Creatine monohidrate increases strength in patients with neuromuscular disease.  Neurology 52, 854 – 857.

Terrillion, K. A., Kolkhorst, F.W., Dolgener, F. A. and Joslyn, S. J. (1997) The effect of creatine supplementaion on two 700-m maximal running bouts. International Journal of Sport Nutrition 7, 138-143.

Thompson, C. H., Kemp, G. J., Sanderson, A. L., Dixon, R. M., Styles, P., Taylor, D. J. and Radda, G. K. (1996) Effect of creatine on aerobic and anaerobic metabolism in skeletal muscle of swimmers. British Journal of Sports Medicine 30, 222-225.

Van Der Meulen, J. P., Peckham, P. M. and Mortimer, J. T. (1974) Use and disuse of muscle. Annual New York Academy of Science 228, 177-189.

Viru, M., Oöpik, V., Nurmekiwi, A., Medijainen, L., Timpmann, S. and Viru, A. (1994) Effect of creatine intake on the performance capacity in middle distance runners. Coaching and Sport Science Journal 1, 31-36. 

Volek, J. S. and Kraemer, W.J. (1996) Creatine   Suplementation:  Its effects   in   muscular performance and body composition. Journal of Strength  and Conditioning Research 10, 200-210.

Volek, J. S., Boetes, M., Bush, J. A., Putukian, M., Sebastianelli, W. J. and Kraemer, W. J. (1997a) Response of testosterone and cortisol concentrations to high-intensity resistance exercise following creatine supplementation. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research 11, 182-87.

Volek, J. S., Kraemer, W. J., Bush, J. A., Boetes, M., Incledon, T., Clark, K. L. and Lynch, J. M. (1997b) Creatine supplementation enhances muscular performance during high intensity resistance exercise. Journal of the American Dietetic Association 97, 765-770.       

Volek, J. S., Duncan, N. D., Mazzetti, S.A., Staron, R. S., Putukian, M., Gomez, A. L.,  Pearson, D. R.,  Fink, W. J. and  Kraemer, W. J. (1999)  Performance      and     muscle  fiber  adaptations  to  creatine  supplementation and heavy resistance training. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 31,1147-1156.

Volek, J. S., Mazzetti, S. A., Farquhar, W. B., Barnes, B., Gomez, A. L. and Kraemer, W. (2001) Physiologocal responses to short–term exercise in the heat after creatine. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise 33, 1101 – 1108.